新疆地区58例恶性黑色素瘤临床及病理初步分析

Clinical and pathlogical analysis of 58 cases with maliganant melanoma in Xinjiang

目的探讨新疆地区恶性黑色素瘤的临床及病理特征。方法回顾性分析我院(2005～2011)年经病理及免疫组化确诊的58例恶性黑色素瘤患者病例。结果 58例恶性黑色素瘤患者中男性27例(46.6%),女性31例(53.4%),男女之比:1∶1.15;发病年龄(22～94)岁,平均57.5岁,其中≤40岁8例(13.8%),(40～60)岁23例(39.7%),≥60岁27例(46.5%);发病部位在皮肤42例(72.4%),黏膜16例(27.6%),其中25例(43.1%)原发部位在四肢,其中上肢7例,下肢18例;58例患者44例(75.9%)行手术治疗,其中19例(43.2%)术后联合放化疗;病理形态上肿瘤以多种细胞类型和组织形态混合存在为主要特点,且58例患者均经免疫组化确诊。结论该地区恶性黑色素瘤多为中老年人,性别差异小,四肢皮肤为好发部位,其中下肢发病高于上肢;恶黑临床表现多样化,组织结构复杂,确诊主要依赖病理检查确诊,目前治疗仍以手术为主。

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features of malignant melanoma in Xinjing. Methods The clinical data of 58 cases with malignant melanoma in our hospital from 2005 to 2011 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Results of 58 patients with malignant melanoma, male were of 46.6% , female were of 53.4% , and the ratio of male to female was 1 ： 1.15. The age of onset was from 22 to 94 years, and the mean age was 57.5 years old. Onset in 13.8% cases occurred before age 40, in 39.7% age 40-60 years and in 46.5% after age 60 years. The tumor location was in skin （72.4%） and mucosa （27.6%） , in which 43.1% were on the upper and lower extremities. 44 cases of malignant melanoma were treated surgically, and 19 cases were treated combining with chemot- hearapy. The major pathological features were divese cell type with morphology, and all of the patients were diagnosed by immunohisto- chemistry staining examination. Conclusion malignant melanoma chiefly occurred in middle and old-aged people in Xinjiang. Most of the lesion was on the upper and lower extremities. The clinical manifestation was various and tissue structure was complicated. Diagnosis of this disease deoends on the histoDatholo^ical examination. Surzerv should be choosen as the main treatment.