湖北水资源现状与可持续利用战略对策

THE PROBLEMS IN USE OF WATER RESOURCE OF HUBEI PROVINCE AND ITS STRATEGIC COUNTERMEASURES

湖北省有十分丰富的过境客水资源 ,但自产水资源却十分有限。在水资源开发利用中存在许多亟待解决的问题。如地表水污染日趋严重 ,地下水也存在不容忽视的污染 ;农业用水占大头 ,其节水潜力巨大 ;目前主要是利用地表水 ,地下水的利用很少 ;洪涝旱灾害仍然十分严重 ,并有愈演愈烈的趋势 ;从长远看 ,湖北省的水资源问题将主要是污染型短缺的问题 ;南水北调中线工程将对汉江中下游供水和水质造成不容忽视的影响 ;在计划体制下形成的水资源管理体制已日显弊端 ,不再适应市场经济的要求。本文对此作了分析讨论 ,最后提出了 2 1世纪初期湖北省水资源可持续利用的战略目标和对策。

The water resources indigenous to in Hubei Province itself are limited though the pass-by water resources are very abundant. There exist many serious problems in exploitation and utilization of the water resources. For instance, the surface water pollution is becoming more and more aggravated while the situation of groundwater pollution is not negligible. Most of the water consumption is directed at agriculture irrigation in which water saving has great potential. Most of the exploited water comes from surface water and little comes from groundwater. Water disasters such as flood, waterlogging and drought are still very heavy and even more serious. From views of long term, the key problem of water resource in Hubei Province will be water shortage caused by water pollution. The Mid route project of trans basin water transfer, that will extract water from Dan Jiang Reservoir to northern plain of China, will impact seriously the water supply and water quality of the middle reaches of Han River. The water resource management system formed at the times of planning economy can no longer meet the need of market economy system. The paper discusses all the above points, and puts forward the strategic aims and countermeasures for the sustainable use of water resources of Hubei Province in the early period of 21st Century.