人体运动能耗分配关系的实验研究

Experimental Research on Distribution Relationship of Human Movement Energy Consumption

目的估测人体运动过程中参与工作的各子系统的能耗,建立较为精细的人体运动能耗分配关系。方法研究对13名大学生(男性)进行了功率自行车设定负荷下的运动代谢实验、多域多维心功能检测以及动作技术影像拍摄和解析,并对人体运动能量系统和做功进行了建模分析。结果受试者在给定的相同负荷功率下以不同转速蹬功率自行车时的运动能耗差异显著;总搏功两两之间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);无用功两两之间比较差异显著(P<0.001)。结论心脏做功仅与负荷量(输出功率)有关,而在给定负荷情况下心脏做功与速度大小无关;运动参数的改变显著影响运动无用功,也影响总能量消耗;在中等强度踏蹬自行车运动中,呼吸系统、循环系统、骨骼肌系统分别消耗总能量的11.02%,52.86%,5.36%;剩余30%左右的能量为对外做功和移动肢体做功(分别为25.72%和5.04%)。研究还为估测运动能耗在不同系统间的分配关系提供了一种可行方法。

Objective The research is to estimate each subsystem energy consumption and build preciser distribution relationship in the process of human motion. Methods The research on thirteen College Students （male） were through exercise me- tabolism experiment on setting load ergometer cycling, multi - domain multidimensional cardiac function detection, action image capture and analysis. The model on energy system and doing work of human motion was set up and analysed. Results： Thirteen experimenter were taken with the same output work and different treading frequency at 40,50,60,70and 80 turn/ min. The movement energy consumption show significant difference; heart net stroke work indicate no significant difference （P 〉 0.05 ） ;work in vain has significant difference （P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusions 1 ）Heart work related only with the setting load（output power） but not the speed; 2）Motion parameters change significantly affect not only the work in vain but also total energy consumption; 3） At a moderate intensity pedaling bicycle movement, the proportion of respiratory system, circulatory system, musculoskeletal system in total energy consumption respectively account for 11.02% ,52.86% ,5.36% ; the rest energy about 30% work for pedaling bicycle and moving legs（25.72% and 5.04%, respectively）. 4）The study also pro- bides a feasible method to estimate the actual movement energy consumption of distribution relationship in different systems.