疼痛的评定

Pain assessment

本文简要介绍了各种疼痛的评定方法 ,主要包括 :痛阈的测定、疼痛的客体评定、疼痛的主体评定、疼痛的间接评定。痛阈的测定主要应用的刺激因子有 :压力、热、电、冰水和激光 ,测定的内容为疼痛感觉阈和疼痛耐受阈。疼痛的客体评定是由医务人员进行的。疼痛的主体评定是患者本人的自我评定 ,主要用视觉模拟尺、疼痛分级法和疼痛问卷法。疼痛的间接评定是根据非自主性的生理功能的变化来评定疼痛的程度。本文介绍的方法多为量化标准 。

Many methods of pain assessment are introduced in this article.All methods are classified into four groups:the measurement of pain threshold,subjective pain assessment,objective pain measurement and indirect pain assessment.The stimulators used for pain threshold measurement are pressure,heat,electricity,ice and laser.Pain detective threshold and pain tolerate threshold are measured.The objective pain assessment is estimated by medical staff.The subjective pain assessment is measured by VAS or Pain Questionnaire.Physical function indicates the severity of pain indirectly.