玉米须总皂苷的微波辅助提取及抑菌活性研究

Microwave-assisted extraction and antibacterial activity of total saponins from corn silk

玉米须(Corn silk)是禾本科玉蜀属植物玉米的花柱和柱头,含有多糖类、黄酮类、皂苷类等多种活性成分。以玉米须为实验材料,总皂苷含量为考察指标,对玉米须总皂苷的微波辅助提取工艺进行了探讨,并对总皂苷提取物的抑菌活性进行了研究。在乙醇浓度、微波功率、微波时间、液料比等单因素试验的基础上,通过L9(34)正交试验,确定总皂苷微波辅助提取的最佳提取条件为:乙醇浓度70%、微波功率500W、微波时间60s、液料比40∶1。在上述条件下,总皂苷含量达2.905g/100g。微波辅助提取玉米须总皂苷的提取时间短,提取效率较高。玉米须总皂苷提取物对供试菌株均有不同程度抑制作用;其中,对沙门氏菌的抑制能力最强,其次为枯草杆菌、变形杆菌,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果最差。

Corn silk, stigma and style of Zea mays L. , has some bioactive components such as： polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins. The conditions of the microwave - assisted extraction of total saponins from corn silk were studied. Additionally, the antibacterial activities of total saponins extracts were explored. The optimum extraction conditions of total saponin by using orthogonal experiment based on single factor were as followed： ethanol concentration 70%, microwave power 500W, microwave time 60s and liquid - sample ratio 40 ： 1. And under such conditions, the maximum yield was 2. 905 g Rgl equivalents/100g dry weight. Microwave - assisted extraction shortened the extracting time and increased the extraction efficiency. The total saponins extract had different inhibition effect on bacteria. And the inhibition ability on Salmonella lignieres was the strongest, then was Bacillus subtilis and Proteusbacillus vulgaris, the weakest was on Staphylococcus aureus.