对刑事和解诉讼模式的刑法解读

Understanding Criminal Reconciliation in Criminal Law

作为一种新型刑事诉讼模式,刑事和解制度反应了刑事责任的当代理念有异于传统理念。原初意义上的事实刑事责任乃为解决纠纷、恢复被破坏的社会关系,在诉讼模式上表现为当事人双方平等的弹劾式诉讼。被知识捕获后的刑事责任进而被刑事立法吸收,恢复性特征逐渐被惩罚和报复取代,在诉讼模式上表现为有罪推定的纠问式诉讼,从单纯的知识论上考察,这是知识对事实之刑事责任的误读。在经验主义本质观看来,刑事责任的理念是时代性、语境性和社会性的,因而是变化的,刑事和解正体现了责任理念的这些特征。被刑事和解所塑造,刑事责任的当代理念应具有内容的修复性、结构的三角性、实现方式的开放性和责任关系的契约性等特征。

As a new litigation mode, criminal reconciliation manifests a different notion of criminal re- sponsibility from the tranditional one. Originally criminal responsibility aims at desolving the dissen- sion and recovering the destroyed social relation with the typical litigation mode of impeached proce- dure. The criminal responsibility captured by knowledge is absorbed by penal legislation. Recovery is gradually replaced by punishment and revenge and the typical litigation mode is inquisitory procedure. Examined purely from the theory of knowledge, it is a sort of misreading. Experientially speaking, the concept of criminal responsibility changes with the era, context and society. Criminal reconcilia- tion reflects the experiential nature of the concept. Thus, criminal responsibility should contemporari- ly be understood as being renovating with a triangle framework and it can be realized in a relatively flexible way or in the form of a contract.