中国家驴品种遗传多样性及母系起源研究

GENETIC CIVERSITH AND MATERNAL ORIGIN OF CHINESE DONKEY BREEDS

为了给中国家驴遗传资源的评价、保护和利用提供一些分子生物学基础,本研究通过自行设计引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术对中国家驴线粒体DNA(Mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)细胞色素b(Cytochrome b,Cytb)基因308bp片段序列的变异进行检测来探讨其遗传多样性和母系起源。发现了3种基因型,结合GenBank已公布的数据进行分析发现在中国家驴品种中共存在15个突变位点,17个单倍型,通过计算各群体的遗传多样性指数发现中国家驴的遗传多样性比较丰富。另外,还通过与两种非洲野驴的Cytb序列进行比对和网络聚类分析方法对所有家驴的样品进行了母系起源的研究,证明家驴起源于非洲的索马里驴和努比亚驴。

To provide molecular biological foundation for the evaluation,conservation and utilization of Chinese domestic donkey genetic resources,we investigated the genetic diversity and maternal origin of domestic donkeys by detecting the variations of 308bp fragment of mtDNA Cytb gene sequence in Chinese donkey samples with self designed primers,using PCR-SSCP technique.Three genotypes were found by this way,and 15 variable sites were revealed and 17 haplotypes were determined after alignment with all the homologous 308nt Chinese donkey Cytb sequences deposited in GenBank.The results showed that abundant genetic diversity was revealed in the researched region of donkey Cytb,by calculating the genetic diversity indexes of all Chinese donkey populations.Additionally,it was demonstrated that the maternal origins of domestic donkeys are Nubian and Somali asses,two kinds of African wild asses,by comparison and Network analyses with the Cytb sequences of two different kinds of African wild asses.