试纸法快速检测果蔬中有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留

Card Assay for the Detection of Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides of Fruits and Vegetables

为了快速检测果蔬中的农药残留,研制基于酶抑制法的农药残留速测试纸。该试纸以鸭血浆胆碱酯酶为检测用酶,2,6-二氯靛酚乙酸酯为底物。反应后根据颜色变化目测判断农药残留情况,强阳性、弱阳性和阴性的颜色分别为白色、浅蓝色和蓝色。用该法检测只需13min,对敌敌畏的敏感性最强,对甲胺磷的敏感性较差,对几种常见的有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药的检出限在0.001～6mg/kg之间。该法简便、快速,成本低,适合果蔬中部分农药残留的现场监督检测。

In order to detect the pesticide residues quickly in fruits and vegetables,a rapid test card was developed to determine the pesticide residues based on the inhibition of cholinesterase.In the assay system,cholinesterase from duck serum was the enzyme used for detection and indophenol acetic ester was the substrate.Accordingly,the condition of pesticide residues was estimated by chromogenic reaction.If the test card became white or Cambridge blue,it was positive reaction indicating that the sample has excessive pesticide residues;otherwise,the sample was safe.The card was very sensitive to Dichlorvos,but not to Methamidophos,and the detection time was only 13 min.The minimal detected concentration of some commonly used pesticides was 0.001～6 mg/kg.This method was simple,rapid,low cost and was suitable to the supervision and inspection on some kinds of pesticide residue in spot.