叠前主分量重建随机噪声衰减

Random noise attenuation using prestack dominant-component reconstruction.

随机噪声是地震勘探中不可避免的一类干扰波 ,叠前记录中随机噪声的存在不但会引起资料信噪比的降低 ,而且会直接影响到动、静校正的精度 ,影响资料处理的质量。目前已有很多衰减随机噪声的方法在应用中见到了很好的效果 ,但由于它们大多基于叠后数学模型开发 ,在叠前应用有时会因为其理论基础或叠前资料本身的某些特点而使应用效果受到某种程度的制约。本文提出一种基于主分量重建技术的方法 ,不但可以很好地衰减随机噪声 ,而且能够很好地保护叠前道集中的剩余静校正量 ,有助于提高剩余静校正的精度 ,从而可以保护信号的高频成分。

Random noise is unavoidable in seismic exploration. The existence of random noise in prestack seismic data not only lowers S/N ratio of seismic data but also decreases the accuracy of dynamic and static corrections, harming final data quality. Many methods for attenuating random noise have received good effect in real application. They were developed by using poststack mathematic model, so that their effects in prestack application are restricted in some degree because of their own theoretical bases or some specific characteristics of prestack seismic data. Consequently, the method based on dominant component resconstruction has been put forward, which attenuates random noise desirably and protects the residual static correction values of prestack trace gathers, thus improving the accuracy of residual static correction to preserve the high frequency contents of seismic data.