水合物储运天然气技术的研究进展

PROGRESS IN RESEARCHING NATURAL GAS STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION IN HYDRATE FORM

天然气作为一种清洁能源 ,其水合物的发现虽已有很长的历史 ,但一直局限在防止和抑制水合物的生成研究上 ,水合物具有独特的结晶笼状结构 ,1m3 水合物可以包络 15 0～ 2 0 0m3 天然气。用水合物作为天然气储运的新方法 ,具有安全可靠、费用低的优势 ,可以替代天然气储运的常规方法 :管道法和液化天然气法 ,特别适用于海上及陆地偏远小气田的开发 ,引起了科学家的重视。文章介绍了水合物法储运的可行性及近期挪威、美国在该技术研究上取得的一些进展和两种典型的流程 。

Although a long time has past since the natural gas hydrate has been discovered,the research has been confined to the prevention and inhibition of the hydrate formation all along.Because the hydrate has a peculiar cagelike crystal structure,1 m 3 of hydrate can envelop 150～200 m 3 of natural gas.The new method for natural gas storage and transportation in hydrate form has the advantages of safety,reliability and low cost and can replace the conventional methods for natural gas storage and transportation—the method by pipeline and that by liquefaction,and especially it is suitable for developing offshore gas fields and the small gas fields in remote area,giving rise to scientists' attention.In this paper,the feasibility for the gas storage and transportation in hydrate form,the progress in the research on this technique in Norway and USA and two typical technological processes are introduced,which have a very good reference value in the research on the hydrate in China.