专科护士管理和常规自我管理应用于成人哮喘控制的对比研究

A Comparative Study of nurse specialist management and patient self-management in Adult Asthma Control

目的:探讨成人哮喘控制的最佳管理模式,提高哮喘管理水平。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2009年1-12月在某院呼吸科门诊就诊的中、重度哮喘患者350例,随机分为专科护士管理组(A组)和常规自我管理组(B组),每组175例,分别以专科护士定期管理模式和患者自我管理模式进行规范化治疗1年。对比研究两组患者哮喘急性发作次数、急诊就诊次数、住院次数、肺功能、圣乔治呼吸质量问卷(SGRQ)评分等指标。结果:A、B两组各有169例和152例患者完成研究。A组治疗依从性和控制情况均明显高于B组(P<0.01)。治疗结束时,与B组相比,A组的SGRQ评分更低,而FEV1和PEF则更高。结论:专科护士管理模式在患者依从性、哮喘控制和肺功能改善等方面的效果均优于患者自我管理模式。通过建立哮喘健康教育门诊,由哮喘专科护士对患者进行主动管理,有助于进一步提高我国哮喘疾病的防治水平。

Objective：To improve the level of asthma control and explore the best management model of adult asthma control. Methods： 350 moderate to severe asthma patients were enrolled successively from Jan 2009 to Dec 2009 and were divided in a random way into .2 groups：nurse specialist management group （A） and patient self- management group （B）, and then received treatment for 1 year respectively. The compliance, control condition, pulmonary function and Saint George respiratory score were compared between two groups. Results： 169 patients in group A and 152 patients in group B completed the study.The compliance and control level of group A was better than Group B （P〈0.01）. After treatment, SGRQ was decreased and the pulmonary function was improved in two groups. SGRQ of Group A was lower than Group B,while FEV1 and PEF numbers were increased than Group B.Conclusion： The control level and pulmonary function can be improved by asthma nurse specialist management.It is helpful to promote this management model in China via a follow-up by asthma nurse specialist.