农村人群尿酸与血压变化及高血压关系的流行病学分析

Analysis on the relationship between uric acid level and blood pressure variation and hypertension in rural population

目的探讨农村人群尿酸(uric acid,UA)水平与血压变化及高血压的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取宜兴市徐舍镇5个村40岁以上农村居民2 400人为研究对象;采用统一调查表收集基本人口学资料等相关信息,同时测量血压、身高、体重,并检测血糖、血脂、尿酸等生化指标。结果 (1)实际参与调查人数为1 899人,应答率为79.13%,收集有效问卷1 897份,有效率为99.89%;高血压患者中服用降压药者尿酸水平和高尿酸血症患病率均高于未服用降压药者(均有P<0.05)。(2)相关分析显示,尿酸与收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)和舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)均存在统计学关联(均有P<0.05),但校正年龄、性别、血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和体质指数后进行的相关和回归分析表明,尿酸与SBP、DBP间的关联均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05);(3)高血压患者与血压正常者之间的血尿酸水平、高尿酸血症者与尿酸水平正常者之间血压差异均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析校正混杂因素后,高尿酸血症与高血压的关联无统计学意义。结论服用降压药与尿酸升高有关,排除降压药物影响并校正混杂因素后,尿酸水平与血压变化及高血压无关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between uric acid（UA） level and blood pressure variation and hypertension in Yixing rural population.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was conducted and 2 400 rural residents aged over 40 years were selected from five villages in Xushe Town of Yixing City;A standard epidemiological questionnaire was used to collect demographic information.Physical examination of blood pressure,height and weight was processed and blood glucose,blood lipids,UA and other biochemical indexes were detected.Results（1） 1 899 questionnaires were collected with the reply rate of 79.13% and 1 897 questionnaires were effective（99.89%）;Both of UA level and prevalence of hyperuricemia of hypertensive cases with antihypertensive were significantly higher than that of case without medicine treatment.（2） The results of correlation analysis showed that UA had statistical correlations with systolic blood pressure（SBP） and diastolic blood pressure（DBP）（all P0.05）.（3） There was no statistical differences of serum UA level between hypertensive patients without medicine treatment and the individuals with normal blood pressure and blood pressure between hyperuricemia group and normal UA group.Conclusions The results in the present study indicated high serum UA positively associated with antihypertensive medicine treatment whereas no significant association was found between UA and blood pressure change or hypertension in this study population.