牛磺酸对阿尔茨海默病模型大鼠学习记忆能力影响

THE EFFECT OF TAURINE ON CAPABILITY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY IN AlZHEIMER DISEASE MODEL RAT

目的探讨牛磺酸对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其机制。方法雄性SD大鼠84只,随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、阳性对照组及牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组,每组12只大鼠。正常组、假手术组和模型组给予生理盐水灌胃,阳性对照组给予哈伯因(0.16mg.kg-1.d-1)灌胃,牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组分别给予牛磺酸(600、400、200mg.kg-1.d-1)灌胃。灌胃10d后,模型组及牛磺酸大、中、小剂量组分别于右侧海马注入5μL Aβ1-40,假手术组注入等量磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS,0.01mol/L),正常组不做任何处理。采用Morris水迷宫实验进行大鼠学习记忆能力测试,同时测定海马中乙酰胆碱(Ach)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果与模型组比较,阳性对照组及牛磺酸中、大剂量组逃避潜伏期均显著缩短(F=2.20,q=4.13～4.52,P<0.05),穿越平台次数及第三象限活动时间明显增加(F=2.78、2.56,q=3.74～4.38,P<0.05),Ach含量和ChAT、SOD、GSH-Px活性明显增高(F=2.22～3.38,q=3.41～4.25,P<0.05),AChE活性和MDA含量明显降低(F=5.13、5.04,q=3.27～4.46,P<0.05)。结论牛磺酸可显著改善AD模型大鼠的学习记忆能力,其机制可能与其抗氧化及改善胆碱能系统的功能有关。

Objective To investigate the effect of taurine on capability of learning and memory in Alzheimer disease （AD） rats. Methods Eighty-four male SD rats were evenly randomized to control group, sham operation group, AD model group, posifive-control group, high-dose-, moderate-dose- and low-dose-taurine groups. The rats in normal group, sham-operation group and model group were given normal saline; those in positive-control group were given Huperzine A （0. 16 mg · kg-1 . d -1 ） and those in high-dose-, moderate-dose and low-dose-taurine groups were offered taurine, 600, 400 and 200 mg· kg -1 . d -1, respectively. The medicine in all groups was administered intragastrically. Ten days after medication, 5 μL Aβ1-40 was injected into the right hippocampus of the rats in the three taurine groups, and commensurable phosphate buffered solution （0.01 tool/L） was injected into the same site of rats in sham-operation group. No treatment was done for the control group. Morris maze experiment was used to test the learning and memory ability, and the levels of acetyleholine （Ach）, acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）, choline acetyltransterase （CHAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malonaldehyde （MDA） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH Px） in hippo- campus were measured. Results Compared with the AD model group, the escape latency in positive-control group and the tau- rine groups was significantly shorter （F= 2.20,q=4. 13-4.52,P〈0.05）, the times of traversing platform and the swimming time in the third quadrant increased evidently （F=2.78,2.56;q=3.74-4.38;P〈0.05）, the contentof of Ach and the activity of CHAT, SOD, and GSH-Px elevated （F=2.22-3.38,q=3.41-4.25,P〈0.05）. The activity of AChE and the content of MDA declined （F=5.13,5.04;q=3.27-4.46;P〈（0.05）. Conclusion Taurine can obviously improve the capability of learning and memory in Alzheimer-disease-like model rats, the mechanism is probably associated with the antioxidation of taurine and improv- ment of the function of cholinergic system.