不同灌水条件对小叶女贞蒸散特性和生长的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Conditions on Evapo-transpiration Characteristics and Growth of Ligustrum Quihoui Carr

为了探讨不同水分处理对北方城市常见绿篱树木小叶女贞蒸散量及生长的影响,在呼和浩特市和林格尔县盛乐经济园区进行了小区和盆栽试验。盆栽设9种水分处理,小区设4种,滴灌灌溉。研究结果表明,小叶女贞蒸散量随灌水量增加而增加,在75%～100%田间持水量(FC)时最大,35%～45%FC时最小;株高、冠幅与蒸散量呈开口向下的二次抛物线关系,在65%～100%FC时株高、冠幅最大,地上生物量与蒸散量呈正相关;小叶女贞水分利用效率(WUE)随蒸散量的增加呈减小的趋势,在35%～45%FC时小叶女贞的WUE最大,但此区间的生物量最小,生长发育受到干旱胁迫最明显;小区滴灌的较佳灌水模式是滴头流量选4L/h或5L/h,灌水量控制在415～470mm范围内。

In order to explore the influences of different water treatments on evapo-transpiration and the growth of common green hedge tree Ligustrum quihoui Carr in the cities of North China,small plot and pot experiments were carried out in the Shingle economic area of Horinger County and Hohhot City.Pot experiment had nine water treatments and small plot experiment,four drip irrigation treatments.Results show that more the irrigation amount is,the greater the evapo-transpiration will be.The maximum evapo-transpiration occurs between 75% and 100% field capacity（FC） and the minimum evapo-transpiration,between 35% and 45% FC.The relationship among plant height,crown diameter and evapo-transpiration may be described by a downward quadratic parabola.The maximum evapo-transpiration occurs between 65% and 100% FC and evapo-transpiration under different water treatments is positively correlated with aboveground biomass.The water use efficiency（WUE） of Ligustrum quihoui Carr tends to decease with increasing evapo-transpiration.The maximum evapo-transpiration occurs at 35%~45% FC,but biomass of Ligustrum quihoui Carr is the lowest in the above range and drought stress becomes most obvious to its growth and development.The better drip irrigation mode for Ligustrum quihoui Carr under the condition of small plot drip irrigation is that water dropper is 4 or 5 L/h and the irrigation amount is between 415 and 470 mm.