国际公共产品中集体行动困境的克服被引量：39

Overcome the Collective Action Problems in Providing International Public Goods

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摘要关于国际合作的现有研究通常不对公共产品与私人产品进行具体区分,从而忽略了国际公共产品的特性对国际合作的影响。作者从国际公共产品消费的非排他性和非竞争性等主要特性出发,建立并运用博弈模型分析了国际合作的主要障碍及其可能的解决方式。公共产品如果不具有完全的消费的非排他性或非竞争性,那么排他性的消费机制和成本分担机制就有可能建立,使国际合作成为可能。国家可以局部而渐进地克服集体行动的障碍,使得公共产品在较高水平上得到提供。这一过程形成了公共产品领域在国际合作上的特殊路径,即从不平衡到逐渐平衡,从小范围合作到广泛合作。这种非平衡性和层叠性同时也受到国家间关系、现存国际机制和国家之间在其他议题上的合作程度等因素的影响。以非排他性和非竞争性程度为考察对象,作者建立了分析国际合作可能性和路径特征的简明框架,为解释公共产品领域内的国际合作提供了新的研究视野。 The existing research on international cooperation pays little attention to the particular characteristics of international public goods and the barriers in international cooperation incurred by their non-rivalry and non-excludability.This paper tries to answer the question:why inter-state cooperation in providing international public goods is an everyday phenomenon despite the formidable difficulties suggested by the conventional wisdom.By building a set of games that modifies the ideal model that assumes complete non-rivalry and non-excludability and strict utility independence,the result shows that most international public goods are impure or incomplete,which presents opportunities for overcoming the collective action problems.Accordingly,the path of international cooperation distinguishes itself with unbalance and cascade;that is,cooperation normally experiences a gradual and dynamic transition from cooperation within a small and exclusive club of countries to more inclusive and larger-scale collective actions,and from cooperation among relatively homogenous states to countries with more heterogeneous interests and cost-benefit calculations.The analytical framework is applied to international cooperation on energy security.

作者庞珣

机构地区清华大学国际关系学系副教授

出处《世界经济与政治》 CSSCI 北大核心 2012年第7期24-42,共19页 World Economics and Politics

基金王雪莲教育基金资助北京市教育委员会专项资金

关键词国际公共产品国际合作非竞争性非排他性 international public goods,international cooperation,non-rivalry,non-excludability

分类号 F062.6 [经济管理—政治经济学]

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参考文献75

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二级参考文献35

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