英国教育福利制度的变迁及其启示

The Change of Welfare System of Education in the UK and its Inspiration

作为社会福利体系最为完善的国家之一,英国的教育福利制度是彪炳人类教育史册的。由民间慈善济助到政府法定职责标志着英国教育福利制度的基本确立;由入学机会平等到学业成功机会平等是英国教育福利制度的重要发展;而公平与发展兼顾则是英国教育福利制度的深化推进。我国的《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020年)》已经明确提出:"坚持教育的公益性和普惠性,保障公民依法享有接受良好教育的机会。"英国教育福利制度的演进史中所体现的诸多具体措施为落实我国上述教育指导思想提供了有益的参考。

As one of the states who have the most perfect social welfare system,the UK has a splendid welfare system of education in the history of education of humanbeing. The change from non-governmental charitable activities to a statutory duty of the government shows the establishment of the Bridsh＇s welfare system of education. The system has developed from aiming for equal opportunity of entry to school to the equality of opportunity of academic success. The system has been improved by the persistent pursuit of balance between fairness and development. China＇s National Long- term Plan for the Education Reform and Development （2010-2020）has clearly stated as follows： the government must adhere to the public education＇s features of pursuing public interests and universal benefit,and protect the legal fight of fair opportunity to receive a good education for all citizens. The above-mentioned practices in the British＇s welfare system of education may provide us some useful lessons to implement the educational guiding ideology in China.