多糖佐剂在疫苗中的应用

Application of polysaccharide adjuvants in vaccines

佐剂长期以来用于疫苗,促进机体免疫反应,降低疫苗用量和生产成本,但至今只有铝佐剂可用于人疫苗。随着疫苗技术的快速发展,越来越多的免疫调节剂受到了研究和关注。研究发现多种天然多糖具有良好的免疫促进作用,能提高体液免疫和细胞免疫。本文综述了近年来具有疫苗佐剂的活性多糖研究,希望未来随着多糖作用机制的深入,多糖佐剂有望用于临床疫苗。

Adjuvants have long been common additions to vaccines to enhance immune responses, and re- duce vaccine costs by limiting the amount of antigen needed. Until now, only adjuvants of aluminum-based delivery system have been approved for human use in prophylactic vaccines. With advances in vaccine technology, many immune potentiator adjuvants have emerged. Some natural poiysaccharides have been found to be immunologic en- hancer and can be used as immunopotentiator for enhancing cellular immunity and promoting antibody production. Here we reviewed a6tive polysaeeharides for immune potentiator adjuvants that have progressed in animal studies. With an increased understanding of the innate and adaptive immune system for active polysaccharides, licensure of new vaccines containing polysaccharides should be expected in the future.