产科患者发生医院感染的危险因素调查分析

Investigation and analysis of risk factors for nosocomial infections in obstetric patients

目的调查产科患者发生医院感染的危险因素。方法选取2010年8月-2011年10月住院的3896例产妇为研究对象,就其医院感染率及相关危险因素进行调查研究。结果 3896例患者共发生医院感染24例,医院感染率为0.62%,以呼吸系统、泌尿系统及消化系统感染为主,剖宫产感染率为0.85%,高于平产的0.34%,胎膜早破者感染率为5.43%,高于无胎膜早破者的0.33%,合并≥2种基础疾病者发生率为6.76%,高于其他患者,瘢痕子宫发生率为6.76%,高于无瘢痕子宫的0.50%,合并子宫肌瘤发生率为2.99%,高于无合并子宫肌瘤的0.49%,产前行≥3次阴道检查者发生率为3.65%,高于≤2次者的0.44%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论产科患者发生医院感染的危险因素较多,应针对危险因素制定有效的预防措施,以有效地降低医院感染的发生率。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial infections in obstetric patients.METHODS A total of 3896 preganat women who enrolled in hospital from Aug 2010 to Oct 2011 were chosen as the research subjects.The incidence of nosocomial infections and its related risk factors were taken for research.RESULTS There were 24 cases with nosocomial infections in the 3896 patients,the hospital infection rate was 0.62%.The respiratory system,urinary system and digestive system were the main infection sites,the infection rate of the cesarean section was 0.85%,higher than the level of production;the infection rate of the cases with premature rupture of membranes was 5.43%,higher than those without premature rupture of membranes.The incidence of the cases combined two kinds or more underlying diseases was 6.76%,higher than that of other patients;the incidence of the cases with uterine scar was 6.76%,higher than that of the patients without uterine scar;the incidence of the cases with uterine fibroids was 2.99%,higher than that of the patients without uterine fibroids;the incidence of the cases with vaginal examinations pre-line for more than three times was 3.65%,higher than that of the patients with two or less than two times,the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）.CONCLUSION There are so many risk factors for nosocomial infections in obstetric patients;it is necessary to develop effective prevention measures among at the risk factors so as to effectively reduce nosocomial infections.