明清官窑霁蓝釉的组成和色度特征

Chemical Composition and Chromaticity Characteristic of Jilan Glaze of Ming and Qing Official Kilns

明清时期官窑颜色釉瓷是我国古代名瓷的优秀代表,然而由于官窑霁蓝釉瓷生产、使用制度严格,样品极为珍稀,故研究内容较少。研究采用能量色散X荧光光谱分析和色差计,较系统地测试了17件明清官窑霁蓝釉瓷的化学组成和色度值,初步揭示了不同时期官窑霁蓝釉的组成、配方和色度特征。结果表明,明代霁蓝釉所用着色矿物锰含量高于清代,釉灰用量、明度值均低于清代,发色更为沉稳、凝重;明代瓷胎配方组成中所用瓷石含量高于清代。

Color glazes of Ming and Qing official kilns are excellent representatives of the famous ancient Chinese porcelains. The study of official ware with Jilan glaze has been an important topic. But it made slow progress due to the rarity of samples with strict production management and using system. The recipes, chemical composition and chromaticity characteristic of the Jilan samples excavated from official kilns in the Ming and Qing dynasties were first discussed by systematical testing with the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence （EDXRF） and color difference meter. The results showed that the porcelain stone content in Jilan bodies of official kiln in the Ming dynasty is higher than the samples of the Qing dynasty. The manganese content in Jilan glazes of the Ming dynasty is higher than that in the Qina dynasty, while the glaze ash addition and the lightness value in the glaze are opposite.