新生儿溶血三项试验两种方法的对比分析

Comparative analysis on two methods for three hemolytic tests among neonates with hemolytic disease

目的:对比分析微柱凝胶卡式法(MGT)和试管抗人球蛋白法(TAT)在检测新生儿ABO溶血三项试验中的应用。方法:对疑为新生儿溶血病的血标本123份采用MGT法与TAT法进行新生儿ABO溶血三项试验:即直抗试验、游离试验和释放试验,并将数据进行统计学处理。结果:MGT法与TAT法两法直抗试验检测的阳性率分别为26.8%和21.1%,游离试验阳性率分别为54.5%和46.3%,释放试验阳性率分别为65.9%和53.7%。两法阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而两法凝集强度的比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),MGT法强于TAT法。结论:新生儿ABO溶血三项试验检测中,MGT法有快速、简便、敏感性和重复性强、结果判定直观并易保存等特点,优于TAT法。

Objective： To compare and analyze the applications of micro - column gel - experiment technique （MGT） and the tubes anti - globulin technique （TAT） for detection of three neonatal hemolytic tests. Methods ： A total of 123 blood specimens of neonates suspected of hemolytic disease received three neonatal ABO hemolytic tests by MGT and TAT, respectively ： direct anti - globulin test, free test, and release test, then the data were analyzed statistically. Results： The positive rates of direct anti - globulin test of MGT and TAT were 26. 8% and 21.1% , respectively; the positive rates of free test of MGT and TAT were 54.4% and 46. 3%, respectively; the positive rates of release test of MGT and TAT were 65.9% and 53.7%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rates between the two methods （ P 〉 0. 05 ） ; but there was statistically significant difference in the intensity of agglutination between the two methods （P = 0. 000）, the effect of MGT was stronger than that of TAT. Conclusion： MGT has the advantages of quickness, simplicity, high sensitivity, high repeatability, direct judging of the results, and easy to save, which is better than TAT in three neonatal ABO hemolytic tests.