奥斯维辛叙事视域下本土小说的文革叙事反思——当代小说文革叙事的困境与出路

Reflection on the Narration of “Cultural Revolution”in Chinese

尽管中国的"文化大革命"与纳粹屠杀犹太人的奥斯维辛大屠杀在历史起源、内容和实质上有着显见的区别,但作为极端年代的灾难事件,二者对人类理性和生存秩序的破坏、对社会进程的中断以及对民众和知识分子的精神戕害等都有着某种类似,尤其在文学叙事上二者同属灾难叙事。从文学叙事的角度来看,西方的奥斯维辛叙事在价值尺度、精神气质、叙事模式上都形成了相对成熟的范式和传统,与之相比,中国当代小说的文革叙事显示出忏悔主体的缺席、价值关怀和主体信仰的深度缺失等病症,这也昭示出当代作家在文革书写上缺乏批判的反思尺度和信仰的价值尺度。

There has been an obvious distinction between the Cultural Revolution in China's Mainland and the Holocaust in Nazi＇s Auschwitz Concentration Camp from the perspective of derivation, substance and essence. As catastrophes in extreme periods, however, the two events share a certain common ground in terms of the destruction of human ration- ality and subsistent order, the interruption of social development, and the spiritual persecution of common people and intellectuals. From the perspective of narration, both of them pertain to catastrophe narration. The paradigm and tradition in the narration of Auschwitz have been much mature in its measure of value, spirituality and narrative pattem. By con- trast, modem Chinese novels are devoid of repentant subject, care of value and faith of subject, which leads to the lack of critical reflection and convictional value in the writings of Cultural Revolution.