农村市场化对农户耕地流转的影响——以沪苏皖农户调查为例

INFLUENCE OF RURAL MARKETIZATION ON FARMERS' CULTIVATED LAND TRANSFER:AN EMPIRICAL STUDY BASED ON SHANGHAI CITY,JIANGSU AND ANHUI PROVINCE

随着市场经济体制的全面确立,农村市场化与农户土地利用行为的关系越发紧密。为揭示农村市场化对农户耕地流转行为的影响,围绕农产品销售市场和土地流转市场两方面,运用农户调查法和Heckman两阶段模型进行分析。结果显示:耕地流转费用和农产品销售价值的高低决定着农户土地预期及农业效益的实现程度,对耕地流转概率和流转面积产生了显著影响。同一要素对流入和流出的推拉作用往往是相反的。农户特征、耕地资源和地区差异等要素对耕地流转也产生了明显的影响,与流转动因相一致。由于目前农村土地流转市场和农产品市场尚不健全,积极发展现代农业,推进规模经营,规范土地流转,有助于改善农户福利,优化农业土地利用结构。

With the progressive development of market economy,the marketization of rural area in China enters into a new stage,and its relation with the land use behaviors of rural households becomes closer and closer.This paper analyzes the impacts of rural marketization on rural household’s cultivated land transfer,which composes of agricultural products market and land transfer market.Methods employed include farmer questionnaire survey and Heckman’s two-stage regression model analysis.The results indicate that the level of the cultivated land transfer rent and the value of agricultural product sale bring remarkable influence on cultivated land transfer,which determine the rural household’s land expectation and agricultural benefit.The same factor exerts contrary influence on the cultivated land outflow and inflow.Other factors like features of rural households,cultivated land resources,and regional differences have significant influence on the cultivated land transfer,which are in agreement with the driving forces of the cultivated land transfer.It is concluded that the market of rural land transfer and agricultural products are distempered.It puts forward that the perfection of market mechanism of land transfer and agricultural products,as well as the development of modern agriculture and land scale management,will contribute to promote the farmers’ material benefits and improve the rural land use structure.