高速剪切技术破碎油菜蜂花粉细胞壁工艺

High-Speed Shear Treatment for Cell Wall Disruption of Rape Bee Pollen

目的:利用高剪切分散乳化技术进行破碎油菜蜂花粉细胞壁的研究。方法:以水为介质,通过单因素试验分别考察破壁时间、温度、高剪机转速、液料比对破壁率的影响;通过Box-Behnken试验设计,建立二次多项式回归方程的预测模型,优选出最佳工艺条件;扫描电镜观测表征花粉形态,测定总黄酮含量,进一步研究破壁效果。结果:优化工艺条件为时间3min、转速22000r/min、液料比1:3(g/mL),在此条件下花粉破壁率达到99%以上,且黄酮含量为3.60mg/g。结论:利用高剪机破碎油菜蜂花粉细胞壁,在较短时间内能获得较高的破壁率,是一种良好的前处理手段。

A high-speed shear dispersing emulsifier （HSDE） was used to treat rape bee pollen for cell wall disruption. The effects of treatment time, temperature, HSDE speed and ratio of raw material to liquid on disruption rate in aqueous medium were investigated. A predictive polynomial quadratic model was set up by means of central composite design and used to optimize these treatment conditions by response surface methodology. A scanning electron microscope （SEM） was used to characterize pollen morphology, and total flavonoids content was determined by colodmetric method to further explain the effectiveness of HSDE treatment in cell wall disruption. The optimal HSDE treatment conditions were determined as 3 min of treatment time, 22000 r/min of HSDE rotary speed, and 1：3 of material-to-liquid ratio （mL/g）, resulting in a disruption rate exceeding 99% and a flavonoid yield of 3.60 mg/g. In conclusion, HSDE treatment is a good pretreatment strategy that can provide a high disruption rate in a short time.