创新福利模式 优化社会管理

Innovating Welfare Model,Improving Social Management

创造适合国情的福利模式,是社会管理成功的基础和奥妙所在。一个好的福利模式要能保持四个基本均衡:经济发展与福利支出的均衡,福利支出中的基础部分与非基础部分的均衡,福利机制中的刚性与柔性的均衡,福利责任结构中的政府与市场、家庭、个人之间的均衡。中国一些富裕农村所搞的集体福利为实现这些均衡提供了实践经验,而这些经验与底线公平理论非常契合。底线公平福利模式具有四个特点和优势:教育为基,劳动为本,服务为重,健康为要。它充分发挥中国优秀文化和社会结构优势,把发展性要素内置于福利模式之中,可以实现社会福利的内外平衡,为社会安全奠定基础。

Creating a welfare model suitable for China is the foundation and the key to successful social management. A good welfare model should keep four kinds of balances,including the balance between economic development and welfare costs,the balance between basic welfare costs and non-basic welfare costs,the balance between rigid demand and flexible mechanism of welfare,and the balance among the state, market,family and individuals in the welfare-responsibility structure. The collective welfare package,practiced in some well-off villages in China,has paved a practical way for the four balances mentioned above,and the experiences of these well-off villages are in accord with the Theory of Base-Line Equity. The Base-Line Equity model of welfare has advantages in four characteristics: education as essence,employment as foundation,service as keystone,health as goal. This welfare model,with developmental factors built in,making full use of the legacy of Chinese culture and the advantages of social structure in China,could ensure the internal and external balances of social welfare and lay a solid foundation for social security.