农贷与甘肃农村经济的复苏(1935-1945年)

Agricultural Loans and Rural Economic Recovery in Gansu Province,1935—1945

20世纪三四十年代,在开发西北和建设抗日后方基地的背景下,国民政府在甘肃推行农贷政策,建立了以新式银行、合作社和合作金库为核心的金融网络,形成了"政府—银行—合作社(合作金库)—农户"的农贷模式。甘肃农贷以1941年为界分为两个阶段,1941年之前以救济农村为主,之后以国民经济建设为主,发放农田水利、农业推广、土地改良、农村副业和畜牧业等贷款,取得了比较好的成效。农贷的发放,使甘肃农业和农村经济总体呈上升趋势,也使抗战时期成为近代以来甘肃农业和农村经济发展状况最好的一个时期。

During the 1930s—1940s,against the background of developing the Northwest and building bases for resistance against the Japanese,the Nationalist government carried out a policy of agricultural loans in Gansu and built a financial network centered on new style banks,cooperative associations and cooperative banks.The result was a model for agricultural loans known as 'government-banks-cooperative associations(cooperative banks)-peasant households.' Agricultural loans in Gansu should be divided into two stages:before 1941 the main aim of the loans was to provide relief to rural areas;after 1941 the main aim was national economic construction,offering loans for irrigation and water conservancy,agricultural expansion,land improvement,rural sideline production,animal husbandry and so on.This second stage achieved comparatively good results.The offer of agricultural loans promoted Gansu agriculture and expanded the rural economy generally.It also made the period of the Resistance War against Japan the best period for the development Gansu's agricultural and rural economy in modern times.