山杏叶桦木酸、齐墩果酸和熊果酸的研究

Study on the betulinic acid,oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in leaf of Prunus sibirica L.

我国山杏资源十分丰富,是绿化荒山的优良树种。采用HydersirBDS C18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,5μm),流动相体积比为90∶10的0.3‰硫酸甲醇溶液-3‰硫酸水溶液,检测波长210nm,建立了山杏叶中三萜酸测定的高效液相色谱法。结果表明:桦木酸、齐墩果酸与熊果酸的浓度在30～2 000μg/mL(r桦=0.997 1,r齐=0.998 6,r熊=0.997 8)范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好线性关系;平均加标回收率分别为99.9%、101.1%和98.9%。以山杏叶为材料,采用高效液相色谱法和紫外可见分光光度法分别对山杏叶中的三萜酸成分进行分析,结果表明,山杏叶富含三萜酸,落叶期山杏叶中总三萜酸(17 078μg/g)、桦木酸(1 842μg/g)、齐墩果酸(2 536μg/g)和熊果酸(5 706μg/g)含量均高于非落叶期。本研究首次建立了山杏叶中桦木酸、齐墩果酸和熊果酸同时测定的反向高效液相色谱法(HPLC),发现落叶期山杏叶富含三萜酸,为山杏叶综合开发利用提供了基础数据。

Prunus sibirica L. germplasm resources is abundant in China. Prunus sibirica L.tree is an excellent tree for greening barren hills. A RP-HPLC method for determination of betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Prunus sibirica L. leaf was established. A Hydersir BDS C18 column （150×4.6 mm, 5 μm） was used with Methanol： H2O. H28O4 （90：10：0.3‰） as the mobile phase, and UV-detection wavelength was set at 210 nm. The linear range was30-2 000 μg/mL （rb=0.997 1, ro=0.998 6,ru=0.997 8） for betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, respectively. The average recoveries （n=5） were 99.9%, 101.1% and 98.9%, respectively. The methods of high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry were used to analyze the triterpenoid acid com-position in the Prunus sibirica L. leaves in this study. The results show that Prunus sibirica L. leaf is rich in triterpenoid acid,and the total triterpenoid acid （17 078 μg/g）, betulinic acid （1 842 μg/g）, oleanolic acid （2 536 μg/g） and ursolic acid （5 706μg/g） respectively higher in abscissionperiod leaf than in non-abscissionperiod leaf. The method of HPLC anal-ysis for betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Prunus sibirica L. leaf is established firstly, and the triterpenoid acid is the highest in the abscissionperiod leaf. Which provides some evidences for the reasonably exploitationand utilization.