需水特性不同的两个冬小麦品种叶片光合特性的比较研究

Comparative Studies on Photosynthetic Performances between Two Wheat Varieties with Different Water-requiring Property

本文在田间种植条件下，比较了需水特性不同的两个冬小麦品种河农８５９ 和河农３２６ 以叶片光合速率为主的光合性能。结果表明，叶片的光合速率一般以河农８５９ 较高，但在刚灌水后的短时间内却以河农３２６ 的光合速率较高；河农８５９ 叶片光合速率受灌水的影响较小，在生育期间的变化较平稳，而河农３２６ 灌水与不灌水的处理间光合速率差别较大，且光合速率波动明显。结合产量性状分析，开花后灌一次水和不灌水的限水条件下以河农８５９ 产量较高，表明其耐旱性较强，而开花后保证充分供水的湿润处理则以河农３２６ 产量较高，且增产幅度较大。因此，河农８５９ 适宜于在供水有限的条件下发挥其耐旱特性，争取较高产量；而河农３２６可用于在供水充足条件下发挥高产潜力。

In this paper, photosynthetic performances of two wheat varieties, Henong 859 and Henong 326, which had different water requiring property, were compared under field conditions. The main results were that, leaf photysynthetic rate (Pn) in Henong 859 was higher than in Henong 326 for most determinations, but it was higher in Henong 326 during the short period immediately after irrigation. Leaf Pn in Henong 859 was less influenced by irrigation and kept more even fluctuations during growing period, but in Henong 326, greater differences of Pn existed between irrigation treatments and the fluctuations of Pn during growing period were more dramatic. Under limited post flowing irrigation conditions, Henong 859 had higher yield, showing its stronger drought tolerance, but with sufficient post flowing water supply , the yield of Henong 326 was higher than Henong 859, and the yield was significantly higher comparing with those under limited irrigation. According to the results above, Henong 859 is suitable to give higher yield under limited water supply conditions due to its drought tolerance, but Henong 326 is suitable for non limited water conditions to show its high yield potential.