会通河引水工程演变中的水沙因素

Analysis of the Water and Sediment Factors in the Evolvement of Huitong Canal's Diversion Works

自元代开通会通河,尤其是明代重新开通会通河以后,运河漕运逐渐成为国家经济政治的命脉所在。会通河的引水工程更是成为这一命脉的咽喉。会通河南北分流专藉汶水。在汶水上起主要引水作用的工程先后是堽城坝和戴村坝。堽城坝和戴村坝都经历了由沙土坝到石坝的演变,在这一演变中水沙的矛盾是其关键因素。

Since the Huitong Canal dredged in the Yuan Dynasty, especially reopened in the Ming Dynasty, the water transport has became the lifeline of the China＇ s political and economic. And this lifeline＇ s throat was the water diversion project. The south and north forks of Huitong Canal got the great help of Dawen River, on which The Gangcheng Dam and Daicun Dam that played the major role in diversion were built in order. Those two Dams both evolved from sand to stone. And in this evolution, the contradiction of water and sediment is the key factor.