中西方中学化学素质教育调研

Investigation of Chemistry Quality Education in High Schools in China and Western Countries

教育对一个国家经济及科技文化的发展起着关键决定性作用,维系着一个民族的发展前途.国家间各层面的竞争归根到底是人才、是教育的竞争.随着我国经济高速发展,如何提高我国的教育质量已成为当今教育界的重要使命.本文对西方发达国家素质教育进行资料及问卷调研,对中西方在素质教育的核心——实践能力和创新能力等教学方面进行比较,探索并挖掘中西方教育的精髓,为素质教育改革提供一些有益的信息.调查表明,中国的教育以学科教学为主,主要采用知识传授,而外国教育重视学生实践能力和创新精神的培养以及重视学生在活动中获得知识和发展.中外化学课堂上的教与学的行为、化学作业类型、评价方式、实验器材的准备,课题类型,方案的设计主体、操作主体、化学实验以外的实践活动等都存在比较大的差异.

Education plays a decisive role in a nation＇s development of economy, culture, science and technology, ensuring and sustaining the nation＇s prospects. Competitions between nations in all aspects, in the final analysis, are the competitions of talents and education. As our country＇s economy is quickly moving forward, how to improve the quality of our education has become an important mission for today＇s educators. Data and questionnaire survey on the quality education in western countries is conducted and reported in this paper, and comparisons between our country and western countries are made in terms of practical and creative abilities, the core of quality education in both China and western countries. The education essences of our country and western countries are in this paper explored to provide some beneficial information for the reform in our education. Survey of this study shows that the education in China focuses on subject teaching and imparting knowledge while education in western countries on cultivating students＇ practical skills and innovation spirit as well as students＇ obtaining knowledge through activities. There are in chemistry class big differences between China and foreign countries in many fields including the behavior of teaching and learning, the assignment type, assessment mode, preparation of laboratory equipment, project type, subjects of design and operation, and practices besides chemistry activities.