不同生源大学新生体质状况的研究分析

Research and Analysis on the Physique Condition of Undergraduate Freshman from Different Areas

为探讨不同生源的大学新生的体质状况,以3 653名大学一年级学生为研究对象,采用实验测试法按照《国家学生体质健康标准》的要求进行测试研究。结果发现:①城镇生源的大学新生在身高、体重等测试项目上显著性大于农村生源的大学新生(P<0.05),而农村生源的大学新生在耐力项目得分、坐位体前屈、立定跳远和总得分等测试项目上非常显著高于城镇生源的大学新生(P<0.01)。②城镇生源的大学新生中女性同学在肺活量测试项目非常显著大于农村生源大学生(P<0.01),而在800m测试、坐位体前屈、立定跳远和总得分等方面农村生源的女性新生显著高于城镇生源的女性新生(P<0.01)。③城镇生源的大学新生中男性在身高、体重、肺活量等测试项目非常显著高于农村生源的男性(P<0.01),而在1 000m测试、坐位体前屈和总得分等测试项目农村生源的男性新生非常显著高于城镇生源的男性新生(P<0.01)。结论:农村生源大学新生的体质显著性好于城镇生源大学新生,但城市生源大学新生的身高、体重的显著性高于农村生源大学新生。生活的环境、应试教育和对困难的认知能力是造成此结果的主要因素。

In order to discuss the physical fitness condition of undergraduate freshman from different areas, it took 3653 undergraduate freshman for study, and made testing research by experimental test method in accordance with ＂National Student Physical Health Standards＂. It shows that： （1） The freshmen from urban areas is significantly bet- ter than those from rural areas on the test items such as body height and weight （P〈0. 05） ; While the freshmen from rural areas get much higher scores on the tests of the endurance, Sit and Reach, standing long jump and total scores （P〈0. 01）. （2） Urban female freshmen is significantly better than the rural students on the FCV tests （P〈0. 01）; While on the tests of 800 meters, Sit and Reach, standing long jump and total scores, rural female students abviously get higher scores than urban students （P〈0. 01）. （3）Urban male freshmen is significantly better than the rural students on the body height, weight and FCV tests （P〈0. 01） ; While on the tests of 1000 meters, Sit and Reach, standing long jump and total scores, rural male students abviously get higher scores than urban students（P〈0. 01）. As a result, the freshmen physique from rural areas are significantly better than that from urban areas, while urban students＇ body height and weight is much higher than rural students＇. That is because of the different living environ- ment, exam-oriented education and difficulty congnition.