长期强迫运动对大绒鼠体重、能量代谢和血清瘦素的影响

Effects of Long-term Forced Exercise Training on Body Mass, Energy Metabolism and Serum Leptin in Eothenomys miletus

动物稳定体重的维持需要能量摄入和消耗之间的平衡。运动是影响动物能量平衡的重要因素之一。为了解运动对大绒鼠(Eothenomys miletus)的生理学效应,在室内条件下,测定了强迫运动训练(运用小鼠封闭跑台)8周后大绒鼠的体重、代谢率、摄入能、血清瘦素和身体组成的变化。结果显示,强迫运动训练8周对大绒鼠的体重无显著影响;大绒鼠的代谢率和摄入能均显著增加,训练8周后静止代谢率较对照组增加了29.9%,运动最大代谢率较对照组增加了10.7%;强迫运动训练8周组的身体脂肪重量比对照组降低了28.9%,血清瘦素水平比对照组下降了27.4%,对照组的瘦素与体脂含量具有明显的相关性,但运动组则不具有相关性;运动组的肝重量和消化道重量较对照组均显著增加;而体水重量则显著降低。这些结果表明,在强迫运动训练期间大绒鼠主要通过动员储存的脂肪、增加代谢率和食物摄入的方式来维持自身的体重及能量平衡。瘦素在长期强迫运动过程中对身体脂肪含量的变化具有调节作用。

Animal requires a balance between energy intake and energy expenditure to maintain a stable body weight. Exercise which can increase energy expenditure is one of the most important factors affecting energy balance for animals. In order to understand the physiological effects of exercise, changes of body mass, metabolic rate, energy intake, serum leptin and body composition were measured in Eothenomys miletus during 8-weeks of forced exercise training with of treadmill. The results showed that exercise training had no significant effects on body mass, but the metabolic rate and energy intake were increased during 8-weeks exercise training, rest metabolic rate increased 29.9% and locomotor maximal metabolic rate increased 10.7% , respectively. The results also showed that exercise training decrease body fat by 28.9% compared with control group, and exercise training decrease serum leptin concentrations by 27.4% compared with control group. There was a positive relationship between serum leptin concentrations and body fat content in control group, but no for exercise trained group. There were significant increase of the mass of liver and digestive tracts compared with control group, and significant decrease of body water content compared with control group. All results indicated that E. miletus regulates its body mass and energy balance through mobilizing body fat, increasing the metabolic rate and energy intake during long-term forced exercise training. Serum leptin can regulate the variation of body fat during long-term forced exercise training.