大菱鲆引进亲鱼与国内累代繁养亲鱼群体的形态特征比较

Analysis on morphological variations among introduced and Chinese farmed turbot Scophthalmus maximus parent fish populations

使用方差分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法,分析和比较了法国、西班牙、丹麦3个引进亲鱼群体和国内莱州、海阳、日照3个累代繁养大菱鲆亲鱼群体的形态特征。单因子方差分析表明,法国与日照群体形态具有较大差异,日照群体同海阳群体形态趋同,丹麦群体具高体型特征。主成分分析的第一、二、三主成分贡献率分别为47.07%、28.10%、15.45%,三者累积贡献率为90.62%;6个群体整体上形态差异显著,但不存在无交集的隔离。聚类分析表明,莱州群体与海阳群体形态最为接近,二者与法国群体聚为一类;日照耐高温群体与西班牙群体聚为一类。这两类聚为一大类。丹麦群体与另外5个群体形态差异最大。引进群体的形态学多样性总体高于国内累代繁养群体。

Statistical morphological characteristics among three European populations （French, Spainish and Danish） and three Chinese farmed populations （Lai-zhou, Hai-yang and Ri-zhao） of broodstock turbot, Scophthalmus maximus were revealed and compared on the ba- sis of eight morphological indices using one-way ANOVA, principal components and clustering dendrogram analysis. The morphological difference among six populations was remarkable, but there was no isolation without overlap. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was notable differentce between French and Ri-zhao population, Ri-zhao and Hai-yang pepulation were similar in morphology, and Danish population had the high bodily form. In principal com- ponents analysis, three principal components were constructed, and the contribution from the first, second and third principal component were 47.07%, 28. 10% and 15.45%, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate was 90.62%. The results of clustering dendrogram indicated that the morphological variations of Lai-zhou and Hai-yang populations were little, and they were similar to the French population. Ri-zhao and Spanish population were similar. The mor- phological variations between Danish population and other five populations were large. The morphological diversity of three European turbot populations was higher than the three farmed Chinese farmed populations.