广东首例肾移植术后甄氏外瓶霉致皮肤及皮下组织暗色丝孢霉病

Cutaneous and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala jeanselmei after renal transplantation: a case report

报道广东首例肾移植术后甄氏外瓶霉致皮肤及皮下组织暗色丝孢霉病临床、实验研究和治疗结果。患者男,66岁,右中指、腕部、前臂皮肤结节、脓疱5月余,无痒痛。脓液涂片显微镜下见分隔、分支,淡棕色菌丝;组织病理见炎性肉芽肿囊性变,其内散在真菌菌丝,PAS、六胺银染色亦见真菌菌丝;沙堡培养基26℃培养菌落呈榄黑色绒毛样,玻片小培养符合甄氏外瓶霉;对所分离菌株进行ITS序列分析,与甄氏外瓶霉同源性为100%;采用Etest法检测了6种抗真菌药物的MIC值,其中二性霉素B、伏立康唑、伊曲康唑、氟康唑敏感,5-氟胞嘧啶、卡泊芬净耐药。局部注射二性霉素B与口服伏立康唑联合抗真菌治疗,及时切除好转较慢及新发皮疹,治疗效果满意。本病例为广东省内首次报道甄氏外瓶霉所致暗色丝孢霉病,亦为肾移植术后所致该病的国内首次报道。

We report a case of cutaneous and subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by Exophiala jeanselmei after renal transplantation in Guangdong. A 66-year-old man who had a renal transplantation 6 years ago was admitted in October 2011 for the presence of 16 nodules （0.5-1.5 cm） found on his right middle finger, wrist and forearm for 5 months. Microscopic examination of the purulent exudate showed segmented and branched brown mycelium, and tissue biopsy and PAS staining showed fungal hyphae. The isolate was processed for morphological identification and molecular sequence analysis. A black colony was found after culture of the isolate on SDA at 26 ℃, and small culture identified the isolate as Exophiala jeanselrnei. ITS sequence analysis of the isolate showed a 100% homology with Exophiala jeanselrnei. E-test strip was used in drug sensitivity test, and the isolate was sensitive to amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole, but resistant to 5-flucytosine and caspofungin. Good response was obtained with surgical intervention, local injection and systemic antifungal treatment.