粗滤技术在西北村镇集雨窖水处理中的预处理研究

Research on Pre-treatment of Crude Filter Techniques in Cellar Rainwater Treatment in the Northwest Town

针对西北村镇集雨窖水的微污染特征,通过现场实验研究了粗滤技术对窖水的预处理效果.通过自然挂膜确定了膜的生物稳定期,并对其影响因素进行了分析.结果表明:粗滤净水技术能有效地处理西北村镇集雨窖水,对窖水常见的污染物如浊度、有机物、氨氮及微生物学指标有良好的去除效果.在粗滤系统滤速控制在0.1m/h,水温在17.1～21.4℃的情况下,生物膜形成时间大约在40～50d.出水氨氮平均0.47mg/L,氨氮去除率最高达64.28%;出水CODMn平均2.63mg/L,CODMn去除率最高达到48.11%.出水浊度平均2.27NTU,浊度去除率最高达到89.71%;该净水技术工艺简单,无需投药,操作管理方便,适用于西北村镇以户为单位的分散式窖水生物慢滤处理的预处理.

According to the water pollution situation of the rainwater cellar in northwest town, the pre-treatment effect of the crude filter technique is studied through the filed experiment. The biological stable is determined by the natural biofilm, and its influencing factors are analyzed. The results show that the crude filter technique has a good treatment in cellar rainwater in ciency to the pollutions that are common in cellar water the northwest town and has a good removal elf isuch as turbidity, organic matters, ammonia nitrogen,microbiology indecators. In the case that the filtration rate in the control 0. 1m/h and the water temperature is 17. 1 - 21.4 ℃, the biofilm forms for about 40 to 50 days. The average ammonia-nitrogen is 0. 47 mg/L,and ammonia-nitrogen removel reaches up to 64. 28%. The average CODMn, is 2. 63 mg/L, and CODMn removel reaches up to 48. 11%. The average turbidity is 2. 27NTU,and turbidity removel reaches up to 89. 71%. This water purification technology process is simple, without any drugs, with easy operation and management,and it is fit for northwest village household as a unit of distributed pit water treatment.