SUMO化和去SUMO化在肿瘤发生中的作用

Roles of SUMOylation and de-SUMOylation in carcinogenesis

SUMO是一种小泛素相关修饰物，参与蛋白质的翻译后修饰，这一修饰过程即称为SUMO化。SUMO化修饰在加强蛋白质的稳定性、核质转运、DNA的修复和复制、染色体的有丝分裂、减数分裂等调节细胞活动中发挥重要作用。SUMO化是一动态过程，能被SUMO特异性蛋白酶（SENP）所逆转，形成SUMO化与去SUMO化的动态平衡。此平衡一旦被打破，将导致SUMO或者SENP在细胞中的异常表达，进而导致肿瘤的发生。

SUMO （small ubiquitin-related modifier） is involved in the post-translational modifications of proteins, and this process is referred to as SUMOylation. SUMOylation plays an important role in the regula- tion of cellular activities such as strengthening the stability of the protein, nucleocytoplasmic transport, DNA repair, DNA replication, mitotic and meiotic chromosome behavior, et al. SUMOylation is a dynamic process and can be reversed by SUMO-specific proteases （SENP）. Once the balance between SUMOylation and de-SUMOylation is broken, there will be an aberrant expression of SUMO or SENPs in cells to happen, which may lead to the tumor occurrence.