环境管制、区域差异与中国FDI工业企业技术效率

Environmental Regulations,Regional Differences and Technical Efficiency of China′s FDI Industrial Enterprises

本文运用随机前沿生产函数模型,根据中国2001-2009年30个省区的相关面板数据,对包含环境管制在内的影响FDI工业企业技术效率的因素进行了实证研究。研究发现基于效果衡量的环境管制对FDI工业企业的技术效率有着显著的正的影响,基于污染治理投入的环境管制对FDI工业企业的技术效率有着显著的负的影响,而且企业投入在污染治理投资中的比重越高则负面影响越大。区域技术创新能力、市场自由化程度以及对外开放程度,对FDI工业企业的技术效率也有着显著的正的影响。全国FDI工业企业的平均技术效率水平不高,虽然呈现出整体上升的趋势,但增长率却呈现出波浪下降的特点,并且在东部、中部与西部地区间呈现从高到低的阶梯性。

Based on relevant panel data of China′s 30 provinces（regions） during 2001-2009,and with the adoption of stochastic frontier analysis,this paper conducts an empirical study on factors-including environmental regulations,which impact the technical efficiency in FDI industrial enterprises.The study finds that environmental policy instrument based on control effect has a significantly positive effect on technical efficiency of FDI industrial enterprises,while environmental regulation instrument based on pollution abatement input has a significantly negative influence thereon,and the higher proportion of enterprise investment in pollution control,the greater the negative impact.Regional technological innovation,market liberalization and opening extent also have striking positive impact on technical efficiency of FDI industrial enterprises.The present national average technical efficiency of FDI industrial enterprises is not high;despite the general upward trend,the growth rate decreases in wave-like cycles,particularly with a ladder-pattern decline from eastern,central to western regions.