黑龙江野鲤与德国镜鲤杂交组合的亲子鉴定分析

Parentage identification of Heilongjiang wild carp and German mirror carp cross combinations on microsatellite DNA markers

利用微卫星多态性进行鱼类亲子鉴定,在鱼类选育中具有重要意义。采用8个微卫星标记对黑龙江野鲤♀×德国镜鲤♂(正交组合),及德国镜鲤♀×黑龙江野鲤♂(反交组合)进行亲子鉴定。结果显示:(1)正交组中父母本和子代观测杂合度分别为0.607 1、0.714 3和0.681 8,多态信息含量依次为0.442 1、0.281 3和0.553 5;反交组中父母本和子代观测杂合度分别为0.708 3、0.538 6和0.743 8,多态信息含量依次为0.673 5、0.375 9和0.624 1,表明8个位点具有较高的多态性。(2)正交组中,8个位点累计排除率为99.92%,亲本与子代的配对率为98.00%(置信度为95%);反交组中,8个位点累计排除率为99.99%,亲本与子代的配对率为99.00%(置信度为95%)。(3)关于使用微卫星标记数与鉴定率的探讨,对3、4、5、6、7、8个微卫星标记时的累计排除率和亲子配对率进行比较,结果表明,正反交组分别利用6和8个多态性良好的引物就能正确鉴定。研究亮点:(1)将亲子鉴定技术运用在黑龙江野鲤和德国镜鲤杂交育种过程中,能够更加准确地构建家系,有效地避免近亲交配,防止种质退化;(2)对微卫星标记数与鉴定率的探讨结果表明,正反交组分别利用6和8个多态性良好的引物就能正确鉴定。

A set of 8 microsatellite markers were used for parentage identification in obverse cross group of Heilongjiang carp ♀ × German mirror carp ♂ , and inverse cross group of German mirror carp ♀ × Heilongjiang carp 6 . The results showed that： （ 1 ） observed heterozygosity values of parents and offspring were 0. 607 1, 0. 714 3, 0. 681 8 and 0. 708 3, 0. 538 6, 0. 743 8, and polymorphism information content were 0. 442 1, 0. 281 3, 0. 553 5 and 0. 673 5, 0. 375 9, 0. 624 1 in two groups, indicating that all 8 microsatellite loci showed polymorphism. （2） Inthe obverse cross group, the accumulative exclusion rate using 8 microsatellite loci was 99.92% and the appraisal ability was 98.00% while confidence was 95%. In the inverse cross group, the accumulative exclusion rate was 99.99% and the appraisal ability was 99.00%. （3） about relation between microsatellite markers and appraisal ability, we compared the accumulative exclusion rates and the appraisal ability using 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 microsatellite markers. 6 and 8 high polymorphism markers were successfully applied in paternity determination of two cross groups.