产业集中度、企业所有制性质与企业绩效

Industrial Concentration,Corporate Ownership and Firm Performance

基于我国规模以上工业企业2004年至2008年的数据,考察了产业集中度和企业所有制性质对企业绩效的影响。通过回归分析发现,以资产收益率、净资产收益率和销售利润率为内容的企业绩效与产业集中度之间具有明显的正相关关系;而不同所有制性质企业间的绩效水平也差别较大,且总体而言国有企业的绩效水平还相对较低。因此,出于提高企业绩效的目的,政府一方面应进行产业结构的优化调整,不断提高产业集中度,充分发挥企业的规模经济效应;另一方面要进一步深入推进市场化改革,在引导国有经济从竞争性行业和领域退出的同时,鼓励民间资本参与到国有企业的改革过程中来。

Based on the data of China＇ s industrial enterprises above designated size from 2004 to 2008, we find firm performance, that is, return on assets, return on equity and return on sales, is positively correlated with in- dustrial concentration. The performance of state-owned enterprises is relatively low in general. Accordingly, to im- prove firm performance, the government should, on one hand, promote industrial structure optimization by encoura- ging higher concentration ratio and giving full play to economies of scale. On the other hand, the government should deepen market-oriented reform by guiding state-owned enterprises to exit from competitive industries and by encouraging the entry of private capital into state-owned enterprise reformation.