1Emory RE Jr, Emory TS, Goellner JR,et al. Neuroendoerine ampullary tumors:spectrum of disease including the first report of a neuroen- docrine carcinoma of non-small eell type[J]. Surgery, 1994,115 : 762-766.
2Volante M, Rindi G,Papotti M. The grey zone between pure (neuro) endocrine non-(neuro)endocrine tumors:a comment on concepts and classification of mixed exoerine-endocrine neoplasms[J]. Virchows Arch, 2006,449 (5) : 499-506.
3Bernick PE,Klimstra DS,Shia J,et al. Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon and rectum[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 2004,47:163-169.
4de Bruine AP,Wiggers T,Beek C,et al. Endocrine cells in colorectal adenoearcinomas: ineidenee, hormone profile and prognostie relevance[J]. Int J Cancer, 1993,54:765-771.
5Syversen U,Halvorsen T,Mrvik R,et al. Neumendocrine differentiation in colorectal carci nomas[J]. Eu r J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1995,7 : 667-674.
6Ballantyne GH,Savoca PE,Flannery JT,et al. Incidence and mortality of carcinoids of the colon: data from the Connecticut Tumor Registry[J]. Cancer, 1992,69 : 2400-2405.
7Berardi RS. Carcinoid tumors of the colon (exclusive of the rectum) :re- view of the literature[J]. Dis Colon Rectum, 1972,15:383-391.