3Remme WJ,Swedberg K.Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure.Eur Heart J,2001,22:1527-1560.
4Anker SD,Ponikowski P,Varney S,et al.Wasting as independent risk factor for mortality in chronic heart failure.Lancet,1997,349:1050-1053.
5Leithe ME,Margorien RD,Hermiller JB,et al.Relationship between central hemodynamics and regional blood flow in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure.Circulation,1984,69(1):57-64.
6Wanless IN,Liu JJ,Butang J.Role of thrombosis in the pathogenesis of congestive hepatic fibrosis (cardiac cirrhosis).Hepatology,1995,21(5):1232-1237.
7Krack A,Sharma R,Figulla HR,et al.The importance of the gastrointestinal system in the pathogenesis of heart failure.Eur Heart J,2005,26(22):2368-2374.
8Abraham WT,Casey DE,Arthur M.et al.ACC/AHA 2009 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult:a report of the American College Cardiology/American.Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines(Writing Committee to Update the 2007 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure).J Am Coll Cardiol,2009,46:80.
10Kalantar-Zadeh K,Kilpat rick RD,Kuw ae N,et al.Revisiting mortality predictability of serum album in the dialysis populationattributable fraction.NephrolDial Transplant,2005,20:1880.
1Mclellan WM,Flanders WD,Langston RD,et al,Anemia and renal insufficiency are independent risk factors for death among patients with congestive heart failure admitted to community hospitals:a population based study[J].J Am Soc Nephrol,2002,13(7):1928.
