《史记·屈原贾生列传》的作者、主旨及存在的问题——兼论汪春泓《读〈史记·屈原贾生列传〉献疑》

The Author,Gist and Problems about QuYuanJiaShengliezhuan

《史记·屈原贾生列传》的确存在着一些可疑之处,但在全文中是次要的,远不足以怀疑此传的作者。屈原的行事不见于传世的先秦典籍,司马迁所能得到的材料较少,还有传说的材料,本身即有矛盾和可疑的地方,司马迁秉持"疑则传疑,盖其慎也"(《史记·三代世表》)的史学态度。此传采录了刘安的《离骚传》,但都经过了司马迁的批判,这充分表现出他的理性精神。司马迁在此传中多发议论和感慨,这是在屈原材料缺乏且与屈原相互同情的情况下,符合《史记》的基本体例。汪春泓认为,司马迁未为屈原与贾谊作合传,只是写成《屈原列传》,可此传遭到了刘德、刘向的有意窜改,而成为今本《屈原贾生列传》,主要表现忠君守节的主旨。笔者不能同意此种观点。

There are a number of suspicious circumstances in the QuYuanJiaShengliezhuan,but these are too minor to suspect of the author of this article.SimaQian could get small amount of material,as well as the legendary material itself contradictory and suspicious.He upheld the history attitude of'the suspect is to transfer the suspect '.Comrade Wang Chunhong thought that Sima Qian did not write co biography with QuYuan and JiaYi,just QuYuanliezhuan which was intentionally tampered with by Liu Xiang and achieved QuYuanJiaShengliezhuan to show mainly the gist of loyalty to the emperor.I can not agree with this view.