基于L系统的树木仿真

Realistic Simulation of Trees Based on L-Systerm

树木的仿真一直是计算机图形学中最具挑战性的问题之一,为了降低虚拟场景中树木的仿真难度,增强树木的真实感,首先在L系统的树木仿真方法的基础上,根据L系统的分形递归思想构造的二维树木模型并引申出三维模型。然后提出了三种改进措施:采用OpenGL技术增加阴影效果、采用随机L系统增加分枝模型的随机性、考虑了风力的作用并模拟出树木在风中摇曳的动态效果,从而使树木的真实感得到了极大的增强。仿真结果表明,L系统可以有效的模拟出多种形态、结构复杂、效果真实的树木。

The simulation of trees is one of the most challenging problems in computer graphics area. To decrease the simulation difficulty of trees in virtual scenes, and improve the reality of trees, the author constructed the 2-D tree model and extended the 3-D model according to the fractal recursion algorithm on the base of the method of real trees in L-system, and then, proposed three means for improvement： to increase the shadow effect by using OpenGL technology ; to add the randomness of branching models by using L-system ; and to greatly enhance the reality of trees by simulating the dynamic effect of the trees in the wind. The experiments show that this method can efficiently simulate the trees in various forms, and has complex structures and real effect.