835名军机飞行员颈肌强度与耐力分析

Cervical muscle strength and endurance analysis of 835 military aircraft pilots

目的通过分析军机飞行员颈肌强度与耐力,探讨飞行员颈肌训练的必要性和可行性,为制定飞行员颈肌肌力的军用标准提供参考。方法采用CME-1型飞行员颈肌训练器对835名军机飞行员进行颈部各肌群等长模式肌力测试。每一个方位测试10次,10次中最大肌力均值作为该侧肌群的强度,各方位10次测试中每次最大冲量(肌肉力量与时间乘积)均值作为该肌群的耐力。按机种、年龄分别对颈部各肌群平均最大肌力、平均总冲量值进行统计分析。结果高性能机组飞行员颈肌前、后、左、右各肌群的平均最大肌力、平均总冲量值最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而运输机组飞行员颈肌前、后、左、右各肌群的平均最大肌力、平均总冲量值最低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按年龄分组,<30岁组飞行员前、后、左、右侧肌群平均最大肌力及平均最大总冲量均较其余两组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或者P<0.01)。结论军机飞行员应加强地面针对性颈肌强度及耐力训练,提高应对高载荷的能力,不断提高作战能力。

Objective Through the analysis of cervical muscle strength and endurance of military aircraft pilots, to probe into the necessity and feasibility of cervical muscle training for pilots, thus to provide reference for making military standards on cervical muscle strength of pilots.Methods CME-l-type pilot neck muscle training device was used to conduct tests of equal length pattern of muscle testing on the muscle groups in the neck for 835 military aircraft pilots. Each position was tested for 10 times,the maximum strength mean value being the strength of the muscle group ,the maximum impulse（product of muscle strength and time）mean value of the 10 times of all-position testing being the endurance of the muscle group, Statistic analysis of the maximum strength mean value and the mean total im- pulse of all muscle groups in the neck was conducted according to the aircraft models and the age. Results The front, back, left and fight muscle groups in the cervical muscles of the high-performance crew pilots bear the highest average maximum strength of the muscles and the highest average value of total impulse, and the difference was of statistic significance（P〈0.05）.While the front, back, left and right musclegroups in the cervical muscles of transportation crew pilots bear the lowest average maximum strength of the muscles and the lowest average value of total impulse, and the difference was of statistic significance（P〈 0.05）.By age groups, the average maximum strength and the average value of total impulse of 〈 30-year-old group were higher than the other two groups, and the difference was of statistic significance（P〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）.Conclusion Military aircraft pilots should strengthen the targeted ground cervical muscle strength and endurance training to improve the ability to cope with high loads, and continuously improve operational capability.