空军航空兵飞行员能量消耗调查

Survey into the energy consumption among air force airman pilots

目的旨在探讨和掌握我军飞行员一日生活所消耗能量,为我军飞行员制定膳食热量供给标准提供可靠数据。方法对190名飞行员进行了飞行日、不飞行日及疗养期间一日生活跟踪观察调查。①对70名歼击机飞行员和40名运输机飞行员进行了飞行日及不飞行日生活跟踪观察。②对40名歼击机飞行员及40名运输机飞行员进行了疗养期间一日生活跟踪观察;计算和比较了飞行员一日生活所耗能量。结果歼击机飞行员平均每人一日所消耗能量:飞行日为3512.33kcal(1kcal=4.187kJ),不飞行日为3252.46kcal,经统计处理飞行日明显高于不飞行日(P<0.01)。运输机飞行员平均每人一日所消耗能量:飞行日为3407.52kcal,不飞行日为3206.29kcal,飞行日也明显高于不飞行日(P<0.01)。歼击机飞行员和运输机飞行员疗养期间平均每人一日所消耗能量分别为3323.37kcal和3284.01kcal,经统计处理两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两机种飞行员日消耗能量虽达到空军飞行员膳食热量供给标准的下限,但远不能满足现代歼击机特性对飞行员营养素的要求。因此,飞行员对摄入食物的总热能应根据劳动强度,特别是飞行活动对人体营养素的要求来供应。

Objective To probe and grasp the daily energy consumption of military pilots so as to provide reliable data for establishing a diet heat supply standard for the military pilots.Methods The daily life of 190 pilots was traced and investigated on a flying day,a no-flying day and a day in convalescence.①The daily life of 70 fighter plane pilots and 40 transport plane pilots was traced and investigated on a flying day and a no-flying day.②The daily life of 40 fighter plane pilots and 40 transport plane pilots was traced and investigated on a day in convalescence.The daily energy consumption was calculated and compared.Results The average daily energy consumption of fighter plane pilots was 3 512.33 kcal on a flying day and 3 252.46 kcal on a no-flying day per person,which showed the daily energy consumption on a flying day was clearly higher than that on a no-flying day（P0.01）.The average daily energy consumption of transport plane pilots was 3 407.52 kcal on a flying day and 3 206.29 kcal on a no-flying day per person,which showed the daily energy consumption on a flying day was also clearly higher than that on a no-flying day（P0.01）.The daily energy consumption of fighter plane pilots and transport plane pilots on a day in convalescence were 3 323.37 kcal and 3 284.01 kcal respectively per person,which showed the difference was not of statistic significance（P0.05）.Conclusion Although the daily energy consumption of the two kinds of plane pilots has reached the lower limit of diet heat supply standard for military pilots,it still can not meet the demands of nutrients for pilots due to modern fighter plane features.So the intake of diet heat energy for pilots should be supplied according to labor intensity,especially to the nutrient need in flying activity.