乙型肝炎疫苗2针免疫程序的研究进展

Two dose vaccination schedule of hepatitis B vaccine

随着疫苗免疫计划的扩大和接种疫苗种类的增多,免疫注射的总接种针次增加,乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗免疫程序接种针次较多的不足逐渐凸显。美国18～49岁的乙肝高危人群和普通人群中,常规3针乙肝疫苗免疫的全程接种率仅为41.8%和31.2%[1]。

The 3-dose immunization regimen of hepatitis B（HB） vaccine at the 0,1 and 6 months is the most common and effective approach to control the transmission of hepatitis B virus（HBV）,and plays a crucial role for reducing HBV infections among people.However,the completion rate is low due to factors like low compliance,relatively high cost and the 6-month long duration.Studies of a novel 2-dose vaccination schedule showed similar effects of immune response comparing to the standard 3-dose regimen.In this review,we summarize the recent development of the 2-dose HBV vaccine regimen and at the same time,we also discuss the immune mechanism,prophylactic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the 2-dose HBV vaccination schedule.