重庆烟区烤烟品种K326的最佳栽植密度研究

Study on Best Transplanting Density of Flue-cured Tobacco Cultivar K326 in Chongqing

为满足卷烟工业企业对烤烟品种K326的需求,扩大重庆K326种植面积,为K326在重庆的高产优质栽培提供依据,在彭水县靛水乡新田村进行了K326栽植密度试验,分析栽植密度对K326烟株生长和烟叶产量、产值、均价、品质的影响,以此确定K326的最优栽植密度。试验设置了13 500、15 000、16 500株/hm23个密度水平,采取3重复随机区组设计。试验结果表明,①烟叶产量、均价、产值、上中等烟率等经济指标在3种密度下的差异都达到显著或呈极显著水平,其中以密度为16 500株/hm2时,产量、均价、产值最高。②总氮、还原糖、钾、氯、糖碱比等化学品质指标在3种密度下无显著性差异,其烟叶的化学成分协调性均达到较协调水平。③综合分析3种密度下K326的烟叶产量、产值、均价、化学品质表现,认为K326的最适密度为16 500株/hm2。

In order to provide evidence for high field and quality cultivation of flue-cured tobacco cultivar K326 and thus to expand its plant- ing areas in Chongqing so as to meet the needs of cigarette industrial enterprise of tobacco leaf of K326, the transplanting density test of K326 was conducted in Xintian Village, Dianshui Town, Pengshui County of Chongqing City. The test set three transplanting density levels, i. e. 13 500, 15 000, 16 500 plants per hm2, respectively, in a randomized block design with three replications. In this paper, the growth of plant and the tobacco leaf yield, production value, average price and chemical quality of K326 at different transplanting density were ana- lyzed to determine the best transplanting density of K326. The results showed that all the differences of tobacco leaf yield, production value, average price and high-class leaves proportion among different transplanting density were significant at P≤0.05 or P≤0.01. At transplan- ting density of 16 500 plants per hm^2, the tobacco leaf yield, production value, average price and high-class leaves prepertion of K326 were the highest. On the other hand, the differences of chemical quality indices such as total nitrogen, reducing sugar, potassium, chlorine and sugar-nicotine ratio were not significant. At all the transplanting density the chemical components and their coordination of K326 were all ver- y good. Based on comprehensive evaluation of the tobacco leaf yield, production value, average price and chemical quality of K326 at differ- ent transplanting density, it was suggested that the best transplanting density of 16,326 was 16 500 plants per hm^2.