铅锌矿区农作物果实中重金属的含量及其食用安全性评价

Heavy Metals Contents Detection and Food Security Assessment for Crops Products in Lead-zinc Mining Areas

为了解贵州DY铅锌矿区农作物产品中重金属的含量及其食用安全性,从而为矿区合理种植农作物提供理论依据,以DY铅锌矿区人工种植的农作物为研究对象,利用原子吸收光谱仪、原子荧光光谱仪测定其重金属的含量,采用单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法分析农作物中重金属的污染特征及食用安全性。结果表明:萝卜的单因子污染指数最大,玉米受Zn、Cu和As污染最小;萝卜和大豆等农作物受Cd、Hg、Pb和Cr等综合污染属严重等级,萝卜的综合污染指数最大,其大小顺序为萝卜>大豆>甘薯>西红柿>红薯>水稻>玉米,这些农作物中重金属的含量均超出农作物中重金属的极限标准,综合污染指数均大于3,食用对人体健康有潜在危害。

The crop products in DY lead-zinc mining area were studied to understand their heavy metal contents and food security and provide theoretical basis for the rational planting of crops in the mining areas. The heavy metal contents were detected through atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer. The heavy metals pollution characteristics and food security were analyzed through the methods of single-factor pollution index and integrated pollution index. The results showed that： the radishes were seriously polluted while the corns were slightly polluted by Zn, Cu and As by single factor index method; radishes and soybeans were severely polluted by Cd, Hg, Pb and Cr by synthetic pollution index method; the synthetic pollution index of radishes was the highest; the synthetic pollution indices of the crops was in the order as radish 〉 soybean 〉 potato 〉 tomato 〉 sweet potato 〉 rice 〉 corn; the content of heavy metals in the crops were higher than the permissible limit; the synthetic pollution index of the crops was g^eater than 3, which was potentially hmmfid to human health.