大樱桃褐斑病病原菌鉴定与田间流行动态研究

Identificatioin of pathogen and epidemic dynamics of brown spot of sweet cherry

【目的】为有效防控大樱褐斑病,【方法】采用传统形态学鉴定方法、单胞分离法和柯赫氏法则,开展了樱桃褐斑病原菌、田间流行学和品种抗病性研究。【结果】研究结果明确了褐斑病病原菌为核果钉孢菌(Passalora circum-scissa)。田间流行动态研究结果表明,6月下旬或7月初始见褐斑病发生,7月下旬进入发病高峰,与降雨程度关系密切;7月下旬或8月初检测到褐斑病菌孢子,8月中旬至9月中旬为孢子释放高峰期。不同大樱桃主栽品种褐斑病发生程度差异较大。明确了烟台樱桃褐斑病初次防治关键期为6月中旬。【结论】研究结果为有针对性地田间防控大樱桃褐斑病提供了理论依据。

[Objective] The pathogenicity ,field epidemic dynamics and resistance of different varieties to the disease were studied in order to effectively prevent and control its occurrence and damage. [Method] According to the morphological characteristics,monospore isolation and Koch＇s postulates, [Result] the pathogen causing brown spot was identified as Passalora circumscissa. Diseased leaves of brown spot began in late-June or early-July, then the percentage of the diseased leaves and disease index increased gradually, and the prevalence appeared during rainy weather （late-July）. The conidiophores of brown spot were firstly detected in late-July or early-August, and the peak presented from mid-August to mid-September. Occurrence of brown spot in the field depended on cultivars of sweet cherry. Bigarreau Moreau was the most susceptible to the disease,while Hongdeng and Lapins were lightly infected. The key control period in Yantai was mid-June using fungicides, such as Tebuconazole ,Difenoconazole or Carbendazim＋ Mancozeb. [Conclusion] The results provided a sound theoretical basis for preventing and controlling brown spot of sweet cherry in field.