对我国4种东方鲀营养价值的评价

Nutrition evaluation of 4 Chinese species of Fugu

为科学评价河鲀的营养价值，对我国主要４ 种东方鲀肌肉、肝、睾丸进行了１５ 项营养成分分析比较。３ 年研究结果表明：４ 种东方鲀均富含高蛋白质、高氨基酸等营养成分，出肉率３４ ．３２ ％ ～４６ ．０７ ％ ，可食率３８ ．８０ ％ ～６５ ．２６ ％ ，肌肉含蛋白质１７ ．６３ ％ ～１８ ．７０ ％ 、脂肪０ ．３０ ％ ～０ ．５６ ％ ，肝脂肪含量高达４７ ．４８ ％ ～４９ ．１０ ％ ，肌肉、肝、睾丸中氨基酸种类俱全，尤以肌肉中含量高（２ ．７２９ ×１０５ ｍｇ／ｋｇ） ；必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸含量分别比鳜鱼、对虾、鲜贝等名贵水产品高２ ．４９ ×１０４ ～５ ．８３ ×１０４ ｍｇ／ｋｇ 和２ ．１２ ×１０４ ～４ ．５１ ×１０４ｍｇ／ｋｇ 。各项营养成分均以暗纹东方鲀居首，营养价值最高。

Fifteen nutrient constituents in muscles, livers and testes of 4 Chinese species of Fugu were analysed in 3 successive years to evaluate their nutritional values. The results show that all the 4 species contain higher protein and amino acids with 34.32%～46.07% meat-producing rate and 38.80%～65.26% edible rate. The muscle-contained protein and fat is 17.63%～18.70% and 0.3%～0.56% respectively. The liver-contained fat is 47.48%～49.10%, and there are all kinds of amino acids in muscles, livers and testes of the 4 species with the highest contents in the muscles(2.729×10 5 mg/kg). They contain essential amino acids and delicious amino acids, respectively, 2.49×10 4～5.83×10 4 mg/kg and 2.12×10 4～4.51×10 4 mg/kg more than some other rare aquatic products such as mandarinfish, prawn, crab,fresh shellfish, etc. Fugu obscurus possesses the highest nutritional contents with all kinds of compositions of the 4 species.