肉种鸡产蛋中期能量限饲对子代肉鸡生长性能、血液生化指标及肌节长度的影响

Effect of energy restriction on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and sarcomere length of offspring in broiler breeders during the medium laying period

试验对产蛋中期AA肉种鸡进行能量限饲,探讨其对子代生长性能、血液生化指标及肌节长度的影响。选用产蛋中期肉种母鸡288羽,分为4个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组日粮能量水平分别为基础饲粮能量的80%、70%、50%,对照组和实验组均限饲且饲喂量相同,于产蛋中期（40~42周龄）进行人工授精、孵化得到子代。每组选用90只肉仔鸡公雏,每组设6个重复,每个重复15只,自由采食同种日粮,试验期为49 d。结果表明,①生产性能：与对照组相比,50%、70%能量组仔鸡初生重显著降低（P〈0.05）,80%能量组仔鸡49日龄体重显著升高（P〈0.05）。②血液生化指标：母体能量限饲显著降低了28日龄各组仔鸡血清中ALB的含量（P〈0.05）,显著提高了50%能量组IGF-1的水平（P〈0.05）。③肌节长度：与对照组相比,50%、70%能量组1日龄肉鸡腿肌肌节长度显著降低（P〈0.05）,70%、80%能量组28日龄肉鸡腿肌肌节长度显著升高（P〈0.05）,50%能量组49日龄肉鸡腿肌肌节长度显著增大（P〈0.05）。结果表明,肉种鸡产蛋中期能量限饲对子代生长发育有显著影响,并且子代在生长过程中表现出补偿生长作用。

This experiment was to study the effects of energy restriction on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and sarcomere length of offspring in broiler breeders during the medium laying period. 288 AA Broiler breeders during the medium laying period were randomLy allotted into 4 groups, with 6 replicates each group and 12 birds each replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the other three experimental groups were fed a basal diet with the energy supply lower than the control group by 20%, 30%, and 50%, respectively. All the groups were fed restrictedly the same amount of diets. The broiler breeders were fertilized during the medium laying period and then hatched to give birth to offspring. 90 male broilers were randomLy chosen from each group and divided into 4 groups which included 6 replicates per group with 15 broilers each replicate. They were fed the same diet. The trial period of the offspring lasted for 49 days. The results were showed as follows：1） Growth performance： compared with the control group, the born weights in 70% and 50% energy groups were found to be significantly lower （P〈0.05）, and the live weight of 49 days old of the offspring in 80% energy group was significantly higher （P〈0.05）. 2） Serum biochemical indices： compared with the control group, ALB of 28-day-old offspring with maternal dietary energy restriction were found to decrease significantly （P〈0.05）, while IGF-1 in 50% energy group increased （P〈0.05）. 3） sarcomere length： compared with the control group, the breast muscle sarcomere lengths of 1-day-old offspring in 50% and 70% energy groups were decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. While the thigh muscle sarcomere lengths of 28-day-old offspring in 70% and 80% energy groups were increased （P〈0.05）, so was the 49-day-old offspring in 50% energy group （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, maternal energy restriction during the medium laying period of broiler breeders had a significant impact on the growth and development of offspring, and showed compensatory effects on the growth.